Some scientists regard this as a Planned Obsolescence Theory because it focuses upon the encoded programming within our DNA. Our DNA is the blue-print of individual life obtained from our parents. It means we are born with a unique code and a predetermined tendency to certain types of physical and mental functioning that regulate the rate at which we age.
But this type of genetic clock can be greatly influenced with regard to its rate of timing. For example, DNA is easily oxidized and this damage can be accumulated from diet, lifestyle, toxins, pollution, radiation and other outside influences.
Thus, we each have the ability to accelerate DNA damage or slow it down.
One of the most recent theories regarding gene damage has been the Telomerase Theory of Aging. First discovered by scientists at the Geron Corporation, it is now understood that telomeres (the sequences of nucleic acids extending from the ends of chromosomes), shorten every time a cell divides. This shortening of telomeres is believed to lead to cellular damage due to the inability of the cell to duplicate itself correctly. Each time a cell divides it duplicates itself a little worse than the time before, thus this eventually leads to cellular dysfunction, aging and indeed death.
Further recent research by Don Kleinsek Ph.D., of GeriGene Inc. (one of the few genealogists looking for the genes involved with aging), indicates that telomeres can be repaired by the introduction of the relevant hormone. In other words telomeres and their subsequent processes affect each other. It may be possible, (once we know what each telomere is responsible for), to precisely introduce the necessary hormone and aid genetic repair, as well as the hormonal balance etc.
Another key element in rebuilding the disappearing telomeres is the enzyme telomerase, (an enzyme so-far only found in germ and cancer cells). Telomerase appears to repair and replace telomeres helping to re-regulate the clock that controls the life-span of dividing cells (see the Hayflick Limit Theory of Aging for further details).
In future years it may be possible to introduce telomerase. But right now we know that free radicals damage DNA (see the Free Radical Theory of Aging) and so does glycosylation (see the Cross-Linking Theory of Aging). Thus protocols for those two, as well as hormone replacement therapy may help prevent DNA damage.